本文从标准的角度定义了电缆桥架,并用通俗的语言阐述了它的功能。然后根据标准对电缆桥架类型进行了概述。在类型选择上,提出了根据使用环境、电缆敷设要求等因素选择方案的原则。对于规格选择,给出了应考虑填充率、承载能力、刚度等因素的建议。正确使用方面,概括了应按设计图纸规范施工,遵循间距要求,禁止乱用等注意事项。在维护方面,提出了应加强检查、保持清洁、润滑连接、定期维护等具体建议。本文系统地介绍了电缆桥架的方方面面,可以作为电缆桥架的使用与维护的重要指南。

　　This article first defines cable trays from a standard perspective and explains their functions in plain language. Then, an overview of cable tray types was provided based on national standards. In terms of type selection, the principle of selecting the best solution based on factors such as usage environment and cable laying requirements has been proposed. For the selection of specifications, suggestions were given to consider factors such as filling rate, bearing capacity, and stiffness. In terms of correct use, it summarizes the precautions of following the design drawings, adhering to spacing requirements, and prohibiting unauthorized use. In terms of maintenance, specific suggestions were proposed to strengthen inspections, maintain cleanliness, lubricate connections, and perform regular maintenance. This article systematically introduces various aspects of cable trays, which can serve as an important guide for the use and maintenance of cable trays.

　　PART 1电缆桥架定义及功能概述

　　PART 1 Definition and Function Overview of Cable Tray

　　01常用标准定义

　　01 Common National Standard Definitions

　　①机械行业标准《/T 10216-2013电控配电用电缆桥架》定义3.1.1，电缆桥架cable supports system：由电缆托盘或电缆梯架的直线段、弯通、附件及支吊架等构成具有支撑电缆的钢性结构系统之全称(简称桥架)。

　　① The mechanical industry standard "/T 10216-2013 Cable Trays for Electrical Control and Distribution" defines 3.1.1 as cable support system, which refers to a steel structural system consisting of straight sections, bends, accessories, and supports and hangers of cable trays or cable ladders that support cables.

　　②工程建设协会标准《T/CECS 31-2017 钢制电缆桥架工程技术规程》术语2.0.1，电缆桥架 cable supporting system：由主体（托盘或梯架）、附件和支、吊架等部件构成，用于支持电缆线路且具有一定刚度的结构系统。

　　② Terminology 2.0.1 of the Engineering Construction Association standard "T/CECS 31-2017 Technical Specification for Steel Cable Tray Engineering" states that cable support system is a structural system consisting of a main body (tray or ladder), accessories, supports, hangers, and other components used to support cable lines and has a certain degree of rigidity.

　　02通俗的讲：电缆桥架是用来“架”电缆的通俗一点说电缆桥架是用来“架”电缆的，可以让我们把各种电缆或者信号线挂在上面,防止它们乱七八糟的到处爬。这样桥架就具备了以下功能：①. 悬挂电缆,防止电缆直接接触地面;②. 保护电缆免受外界损坏;③. 排列电缆整齐有序,方便检查维护;④. 改善电缆散热;⑤. 美化环境,提高工作效率。

　　Simply put, cable tray is used to "frame" cables. It allows us to hang various cables or signal lines on it to prevent them from crawling around in a disorderly manner. This way, the bridge has the following functions: ① Hanging cables to prevent direct contact with the ground; ②. Protect cables from external damage; ③. Arrange cables neatly and orderly for easy inspection and maintenance; ④. Improve cable heat dissipation; ⑤. Beautify the environment and improve work efficiency.

　　PART 2电缆桥架的类型

　　Types of Cable Trays for PART 2

　　1. 无孔托盘包含金属线槽、槽式桥架、封闭式桥架、无孔托盘式桥架

　　1. Non perforated trays include metal wire trays, trough type trays, enclosed trays, and non perforated tray type trays

　　2. 有孔托盘包含有孔托盘式桥架

　　2. Perforated tray includes perforated tray type bridge

　　3. 网格式托盘包含网格式桥架

　　3. The grid tray includes a grid tray

　　4. 梯架包含梯式桥架、走线架

　　4. The ladder frame includes a ladder bridge and a wiring rack

　　PART 3电缆桥架型式的选择要点

　　Key points for selecting cable tray types for PART 3

　　1. 对油、腐蚀性液体、易燃粉尘等环境及户外需要遮阳的场所,应选用有盖无孔型托盘（槽式桥架、金属线槽、封闭桥架）。

　　1. For environments such as oil, corrosive liquids, flammable dust, and outdoor places that require shading, covered and non perforated trays (trough type cable trays, metal wire trays, enclosed cable trays) should be selected.

　　2. 在洁净环境或线缆需要频繁引入、引出的场所,宜选用网格式金属电缆托盘（网格桥架）。

　　2. In clean environments or places where cables need to be frequently introduced and led out, it is advisable to use grid format metal cable trays (grid trays).

　　3. 除了以上特殊环境,一般可选择有孔托盘、无孔托盘或梯架。户外场所宜带有盖板。

　　3. In addition to the special environments mentioned above, perforated trays, non perforated trays, or ladders can generally be selected. Outdoor places should have cover plates.

　　4. 垂直敷设时应选用梯架或有电缆绑扎带的托盘。

　　When laying vertically, ladder racks or trays with cable ties should be selected.

　　5.公共通道或户外跨越道路段,底层宜采用托盘或梯架底部加防护板。

　　5. When crossing public passages or outdoor road sections, it is advisable to use pallets or ladder frames with protective boards at the bottom.

　　6. 腐蚀环境应选用抗蚀型号,或做防腐处理。

　　6. Corrosion resistant models or anti-corrosion treatments should be selected for corrosive environments.

　　7. 绿色施工应选用产品和工艺。总之,电缆桥架型式应根据使用环境、电缆敷设要求、荷载条件等因素选择方案。

　　7. Green construction should use environmentally friendly products and processes. In short, the type of cable tray should be selected based on factors such as the usage environment, cable laying requirements, and load conditions to determine the optimal solution.

　　PART 4电缆桥架规格的选择要点

　　Key points for selecting specifications of PART 4 cable tray

　　托盘、梯架常用规格系列（mm）1. 电缆在托盘、梯架内的填充率不应超过50%(动力、照明电缆)或70%(弱电、控制电缆),且应预留发展裕量。

　　Common specification series for trays and ladders (mm) 1. The filling rate of cables in trays and ladders should not exceed 50% (for power and lighting cables) or 70% (for weak current and control cables), and a development margin should be reserved.

　　2. 所选托盘、梯架规格的承载能力应满足工作载荷要求,工作载荷不应超过工作载荷。

　　2. The load-bearing capacity of the selected tray and ladder specifications should meet the requirements of the working load, and the working load should not exceed the safe working load.

　　3. 在工作载荷下,桥架的允许相对挠度不应超过跨距的1/200。

　　3. Under safe working load, the maximum allowable relative deflection of the bridge should not exceed 1/200 of the span.

　　4. 一般可根据电缆数量初步估计托盘宽度;根据电缆外径、敷设层数估算托盘高度。

　　4. Generally, the width of the tray can be estimated based on the number of cables; Estimate the tray height based on the outer diameter of the cable and the number of laying layers.

　　5. 应选择系列化的标准尺寸规格产品,直线段宜为单件标准长度2000mm。

　　5. A series of standard size specifications should be selected, and the straight section should be a single standard length of 2000mm.

　　6. 各类弯头、附件规格应与直线段匹配使用。

　　6. Various elbow and accessory specifications should be matched with the straight section for use.

　　7. 支、吊架规格应根据托盘荷载、跨距、层数等条件选择,满足强度和刚度需求。

　　7. The specifications of supports and hangers should be selected based on tray load, span, number of layers, and other conditions to meet strength and stiffness requirements.

　　8. 对大跨距、重载或者特殊工况,应选用专门加强的型号或方案。应综合考虑技术指标、、施工难易程度等因素,选择性价比高的规格。

　　8. For large spans, heavy loads, or special working conditions, specially reinforced models or schemes should be selected. Finally, factors such as technical indicators, price, and construction difficulty should be comprehensively considered to choose specifications with high cost-effectiveness.

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