山东电缆桥架｜温差8℃散热实测：选对光伏款，年多赚1%发电量

　　Shandong Cable Tray | Maximum Temperature Difference of 8 ℃ Heat Dissipation Test: Choosing the Right Photovoltaic Model, Earning 1% More Annual Electricity Generation

　　做工商业光伏项目的山东及周边从业者，大多把精力集中在光伏组件、逆变器等主材选型上，却极易忽略山东电缆桥架这类区域适配性辅材，对电站收益的隐性影响。很多人不知道，看似不起眼的桥架款式与散热设计，会直接决定线缆运行温度，进而影响发电效率，长期下来造成的发电量损失不容小觑。结合山东户外光照足、夏季高温的气候特点，通过辐照灯模拟户外高温工况实测，对比三类主流光伏桥架的散热效果，数据差异直观惊人，选对适配本地环境的散热型桥架，不用额外投入成本，就能守住电站发电量，避免辅材“偷走”收益。

　　Most practitioners in Shandong and surrounding areas who work on commercial photovoltaic projects focus their energy on the selection of main materials such as photovoltaic modules and inverters, but easily overlook the implicit impact of regional adaptability auxiliary materials such as cable trays in Shandong on power plant revenue. Many people are unaware that seemingly inconspicuous bridge styles and heat dissipation designs can directly determine the operating temperature of cables, thereby affecting power generation efficiency. The long-term loss of power generation cannot be underestimated. Based on the climate characteristics of sufficient outdoor lighting and high summer temperatures in Shandong, a professional irradiation lamp was used to simulate outdoor high temperature conditions and compare the heat dissipation effects of three mainstream photovoltaic bridge frames. The data differences were intuitive and astonishing. Choosing the right heat dissipation bridge frame that is suitable for the local environment can maintain the power generation of the power station without additional investment costs and avoid auxiliary materials stealing profits.

　　本次实测选取工商业光伏项目常用的三款桥架：全封闭无通风孔槽式桥架、带通风孔托盘式桥架、梯式（T式）桥架，在同等辐照强度、同等线缆负载、相同环境温度下，连续8小时监测线缆运行温度，得出精准温差数据。实测结果显示，全封闭无孔桥架内的线缆运行温度，比带通风孔托盘桥架高出**3-5℃**；而带通风孔款式，又比梯式（T式）桥架内线缆温度高出**3-5℃**，三款桥架的线缆温差可达**8℃**，散热效果差距十分明显。

　　For this actual test, the three most commonly used cable trays in industrial and commercial photovoltaic projects were selected: fully enclosed trough type cable trays without ventilation holes, tray type cable trays with ventilation holes, and ladder type (T-shaped) cable trays. Under the same irradiation intensity, cable load, and environmental temperature, the cable operating temperature was monitored continuously for 8 hours to obtain accurate temperature difference data. The actual test results show that the operating temperature of the cables in the fully enclosed non perforated tray is 3-5 ℃ higher than that of the tray with ventilation holes; The style with ventilation holes has a cable temperature that is 3-5 ℃ higher than that of the ladder (T-shaped) cable tray. The cable temperature difference between the three cable trays can reach up to 8 ℃, and the difference in heat dissipation effect is very significant.

　　或许有人觉得几度温差无关紧要，但结合电力学电阻计算公式来看，线缆的导电电阻会随温度升高而增大，电阻上升直接导致线路损耗增加、实际传输功率下降，终体现在电站发电量上的损耗。行业内普遍测算，线缆运行温度每升高5℃，线路损耗对应提升约0.5%-1%，即便按保守的**1%发电量损耗**计算，对工商业光伏电站而言，损失十分可观。以常见的1兆瓦工商业电站为例，年均发电量约120万度，1%的损耗意味着一年少少发12000度电，直接影响项目周期，规模越大的电站，损耗金额越惊人。

　　Perhaps some people think that a temperature difference of a few degrees is irrelevant, but based on the resistance calculation formula in electrical engineering, the conductive resistance of cables increases with temperature. The increase in resistance directly leads to an increase in line losses and a decrease in actual transmission power, ultimately reflected in the loss of power generation in the power station. It is widely estimated in the industry that for every 5 ℃ increase in cable operating temperature, the corresponding line loss increases by about 0.5% -1%. Even if calculated conservatively at * * 1% power generation loss * *, the losses for commercial and industrial photovoltaic power plants are considerable. Taking a common 1 megawatt commercial power station as an example, with an average annual power generation of about 1.2 million kWh, a 1% loss means generating at least 12000 kWh less electricity per year, directly affecting the investment return cycle of the project. The larger the scale of the power station, the more astonishing the loss amount.

　　从光伏场景专属需求来看，梯式（T式）桥架是工商业项目的选择，也是行业内逐步普及的散热款型。梯式桥架无封闭挡板、镂空率高，空气可对流，散热效率远超封闭槽式和半封闭托盘式，能降低线缆运行温度，压低线路损耗；带通风孔托盘桥架适合对线缆防护有一定需求、散热要求适中的场景，兼顾防护与基础散热；而全封闭无孔桥架，仅适合室内、无高温暴晒的短距离布线，不建议用于户外工商业光伏项目，尤其是高温、高辐照地区，会大幅加剧发电损耗。

　　From the perspective of exclusive requirements for photovoltaic scenarios, the ladder (T-shaped) bridge is the best choice for industrial and commercial projects, and is also a gradually popular heat dissipation model in the industry. Ladder style cable trays have no enclosed baffles and high hollow rates, allowing air to circulate in all directions. Their heat dissipation efficiency far exceeds that of enclosed trough and semi enclosed tray types, which can minimize cable operating temperatures and reduce line losses to the greatest extent possible; Tray trays with ventilation holes are suitable for scenarios that require cable protection and moderate heat dissipation, balancing protection and basic heat dissipation; However, fully enclosed non porous cable trays are only suitable for short distance wiring indoors without high temperature exposure, and are definitely not recommended for outdoor industrial and commercial photovoltaic projects, especially in high temperature and high radiation areas, which will significantly increase power generation losses.

　　除了散热选型，光伏桥架的材质合规性同样关键，户外光伏场景必须选用热浸锌或铝合金材质，严禁使用烤漆、塑料材质，避免户外日晒雨淋后快速腐蚀变形，既影响散热，又缩短使用寿命，增加后期运维成本。热浸锌桥架锌层厚度≥85μm，耐盐雾、抗老化，户外可稳定使用20年以上，搭配梯式结构，实现散热与耐用性双达标；铝合金桥架轻量化、无涡流损耗，适配屋顶分布式光伏，散热效果更优。

　　In addition to heat dissipation selection, the material compliance of photovoltaic bridge frames is also crucial. For outdoor photovoltaic scenarios, hot-dip zinc or aluminum alloy materials must be selected, and the use of paint or plastic materials is strictly prohibited to avoid rapid corrosion and deformation after outdoor exposure to sunlight and rain, which not only affects heat dissipation but also shortens the service life and increases later maintenance costs. The thickness of zinc layer of hot-dip galvanized cable tray is ≥ 85 μ m, salt fog resistance, anti-aging, stable outdoor use for more than 20 years, and ladder structure to achieve both heat dissipation and durability; Aluminum alloy bridge frame is lightweight, with no eddy current loss, suitable for roof distributed photovoltaics, and has better heat dissipation effect.

　　山东及北方地区工商业光伏项目，夏季光照辐照强、高温持续时间长，对电缆桥架散热和耐候性要求更高，追求长期稳定收益，每一度电的损耗都关乎终利润，辅材选型绝不能马虎。山东电缆桥架作为光伏项目核心辅材，直接关联线路损耗与发电效率，放弃低价劣质的全封闭无孔桥架，选择适配本地气候的梯式或通风孔散热款型，看似是小细节，实则是提升电站收益的关键举措。依托山东本地生产与项目实操经验，针对不同规模、不同场景的工商业光伏项目，精准匹配桥架款式与材质，既能控制采购成本，又能化减少发电损耗，实现一次选型、长期收益，为电站稳定运行保驾护航。

　　The industrial and commercial photovoltaic projects in Shandong and northern regions require higher requirements for cable tray heat dissipation and weather resistance due to strong summer light irradiation and long duration of high temperature. The pursuit of long-term stable income is crucial, and the loss of each kilowatt hour of electricity is related to the final profit. The selection of auxiliary materials must not be careless. As the core auxiliary material of photovoltaic projects, Shandong cable trays are directly related to line losses and power generation efficiency. Abandoning low-priced and low-quality fully enclosed non porous trays, choosing ladder or ventilation hole heat dissipation models that are suitable for local climate may seem like small details, but in fact, it is a key measure to improve power station revenue. Based on local production and project practical experience in Shandong, we accurately match bridge styles and materials for industrial and commercial photovoltaic projects of different scales and scenarios, which can not only control procurement costs but also minimize power generation losses, achieve one-time selection and long-term benefits, and safeguard the stable and efficient operation of power plants.

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