到电缆桥架，想必大部分电气人员都不陌生了。桥架又叫做电缆桥架，是建筑电气工程中用于线缆的敷设，主要作用是保护、管理、支撑线缆或光纤。如下图所示：

　　Most electrical personnel are probably familiar with cable trays. Cable tray, also known as cable tray, is used for laying cables in building electrical engineering. Its main function is to protect, manage, and support cables or optical fibers. As shown in the following figure:

　　在很早以前，我们的建筑工程很少使用到桥架或走线架产品，我们主要是以埋暗线的方式布线，这种布线有个比较严重的缺点，就是后期维护或者线缆升级比较麻烦，试想一下，一旦哪里线路不通或者需要新增线缆，我们就要撬开墙或地板。电缆桥架早是在改革开放期间又国引进技术和人才，才慢慢发展起来的。那么电缆桥架结构形式是什么？选用原则有哪些呢？下面我们一起来看看吧！

　　Long ago, we rarely used cable trays or wire racks in our construction projects. We mainly used buried wires for wiring, which had a serious drawback of being difficult to maintain or upgrade in the later stage. Imagine that once a line is not connected or new cables need to be added, we have to pry open the wall or floor. Cable trays were first developed during the reform and opening up period when technology and talent were introduced to China. What is the structural form of cable tray? What are the selection principles? Let's take a look together below!

　　01 电缆桥架的结构形式

　　Structural form of cable tray 01

　　(1)电缆桥架是梯级式、托盘式、槽式电缆桥架的总称，按制造材料分为金属桥架和高分子合金电缆桥架、普通塑料桥架。

　　(1) Cable tray is a general term for stepped, tray, and trough cable trays, which are divided into metal trays, polymer alloy cable trays, and ordinary plastic trays according to their manufacturing materials.

　　(2)按结构形式分为梯级式电缆桥架(简称:梯架)、托盘式电缆桥架(简称:托盘)、槽式电缆桥架(简称:槽盒)。

　　(2) According to the structural form, it can be divided into ladder type cable trays (referred to as ladder frames), tray type cable trays (referred to as trays), and trough type cable trays (referred to as trough boxes).

　　(3)梯架、托盘和槽盒各有优缺点;梯架具有良好的通风性能，但不防尘、不防干扰。托盘、槽式具有防尘、防干扰性能，但散热性能较差。

　　(3) Ladders, trays, and troughs each have their own advantages and disadvantages; The ladder frame has good ventilation performance, but it is not dustproof or anti-interference. Tray and trough type have dust-proof and anti-interference properties, but their heat dissipation performance is poor.

　　(4)电缆桥架在民用建筑中主要用于明敷布线。

　　(4) Cable trays are mainly used for exposed wiring in civil buildings.

　　02 梯级式电缆桥架(简称：梯架）

　　02 Cascade cable tray (referred to as ladder)

　　梯级式电缆桥架它具有重量轻、成本低、安装方便、散热、透气好等优点，适用于直径较大电缆的敷设。在工业与民用建筑中、通常用于明敷布线系统。

　　The stepped cable tray has the advantages of light weight, low cost, easy installation, heat dissipation, and good ventilation, and is suitable for laying cables with larger diameters. In industrial and civil buildings, it is commonly used for exposed wiring systems.

　　梯架选用原则如下:

　　The principles for selecting ladder frames are as follows:

　　(1)普通电力电缆、通信电缆布线可采用梯架布线，但不可在的闷顶或吊顶内敷设;

　　(1) Ordinary power cables and communication cables can be wired using ladder racks, but cannot be laid in enclosed ceilings or suspended ceilings;

　　(2)除950°C、3h的矿物绝缘电缆外，750°C、1.5h的耐火电缆不可采用梯架布线;

　　(2) Except for mineral insulated cables at 950 ° C for 3 hours, fire-resistant cables at 750 ° C for 1.5 hours cannot be wired using ladder racks;

　　(3)在强弱电竖井内应优先考虑采用梯架。

　　(3) Ladder frames should be given priority consideration in strong and weak current vertical shafts.

　　03 托盘式电缆桥架（简称：托盘）

　　03 Tray type cable tray (referred to as tray)

　　托盘式电缆桥架在工业与民用建筑中应用广泛的一种。它具有重量轻、载荷大、造型美观、结构简单、安装方便等优点。

　　Tray type cable tray is the most widely used type in industrial and civil buildings. It has the advantages of light weight, large load capacity, beautiful appearance, simple structure, and easy installation.

　　既适用于较小直径的强电电缆的安装，也适合于弱电电缆的敷设。

　　It is suitable for both the installation of small diameter strong current cables and the laying of weak current cables.

　　工程中托盘有带盖和不带盖两种敷设方式，无盖托盘散热性能好，但落灰尘清扫麻烦，通常用于无尘或少尘场所，否则应采用带盖托盘式桥架。

　　In engineering, there are two types of tray laying methods: covered and uncovered. The uncovered tray has good heat dissipation performance, but it is difficult to clean dust and is usually used in dust-free or low dust areas. Otherwise, the covered tray type bridge should be used.

　　托盘选用原则如下:

　　The principles for selecting pallets are as follows:

　　(1)普通电力电缆、通信电缆布线可采用托盘布线，但无盖托盘不允许在闷顶或吊顶内敷设;

　　(1) Ordinary power cables and communication cables can be wired using trays, but uncovered trays are not allowed to be laid in enclosed ceilings or suspended ceilings;

　　(2)750°C、1.5h的耐火电缆可采用有盖托盘布线，但外壳要采取防火措施。

　　(2) Fire resistant cables with a temperature of 750 ° C and a duration of 1.5 hours can be wired using covered trays, but fire-resistant measures must be taken for the outer shell.

　　04 槽式电缆桥架(简称：槽盒)

　　04 Trough type cable tray (referred to as trough box)

　　槽式电缆桥架是一种全封闭型电缆桥架，其概念上与盘架的区别是高、宽比不同，托盘浅而宽，而槽盒则具有一定的深度。它适用于敷设计算机电缆、通信电缆及控制电缆等发热较低的电缆布线。

　　Trough type cable tray is a fully enclosed cable tray, which conceptually differs from the tray in terms of height to width ratio. The tray is shallow and wide, while the trough box has a certain depth. It is most suitable for laying low heat cables such as computer cables, communication cables, and control cables.

　　金属槽盒布线可使弱电电缆免受强电线路的干扰，塑料槽盒布线在潮湿和腐蚀性环境中可对电缆的防护有较好的效果。

　　Metal conduit box wiring can protect weak electrical cables from interference from strong electrical lines, while plastic conduit box wiring can provide good protection for cables in humid and corrosive environments.

　　槽盒通常用于明敷布线系统，选用原则如下:

　　Slot boxes are usually used for exposed wiring systems, and the selection principles are as follows:

　　(1)承载大电流的电缆不宜采用槽金布线，因其散热性能较差，要考虑电缆的降容系数;

　　(1) Cables carrying high currents should not be wired with slot gold because of their poor heat dissipation performance, and the cable's capacity reduction factor should be considered;

　　(2)成束电缆在吊顶内敷设时，应采用封闭式橘盒或托盘，以提高防火性能。

　　(2) When laying bundled cables in suspended ceilings, enclosed orange boxes or trays should be used to improve fire resistance.

　　(3)当采用燃烧性能分级为B1级的电力电缆、通信电缆，在B1级封闭式电缆槽盒内敷设时，可在无可燃物的网顶或吊顶内敷设。

　　(3) When using power cables and communication cables with a combustion performance classification of B1 level, they can be laid in a B1 level enclosed cable tray, and can be laid in a non combustible mesh or suspended ceiling.

　　05 梯级式、托盘式、槽式电缆桥架各自优缺点▼

　　05 Advantages and disadvantages of stepped, tray, and trough cable trays ▼

　　梯级式汇线桥架具有良好的通风性能，不防尘、不防干扰。槽式、托盘式汇线桥架具有防尘、防干扰性能。

　　The stepped cable tray has good ventilation performance, is not dustproof, and is not resistant to interference. The trough and tray type cable trays have dust-proof and anti-interference properties.

　　06 大跨距电缆桥架

　　06 Large span cable tray

　　当前大跨距电缆桥架一般是由拉挤玻璃钢型材组装而成，适用于电力电缆、控制电缆、照明电缆及配件等。与铁制桥架相比，具有使用寿命长(一般设计寿命为二十年)、安装方便且成本低(比重仅为碳钢的1/4，施工中无需动火，单根桥架长度可达8m，甚更长)、切割方便不需维护等优越性。

　　The current large-span cable trays are generally assembled from extruded fiberglass profiles and are suitable for power cables, control cables, lighting cables, and accessories. Compared with iron cable trays, it has advantages such as long service life (generally designed for 20 years), easy installation and low cost (with a specific gravity of only 1/4 of carbon steel, no need for hot work during construction, and a single cable tray length of up to 8m or even longer), convenient cutting and no maintenance required.

　　07 组合式电缆桥架

　　07 Combination cable tray

　　组合式电缆桥架是一种新型桥架，是电缆桥架系列中的第二代产品。它适用各项工程、各种单位、各种电缆的敷设，具有结构简单、配置灵活、安装方便、形式新颖等特点。

　　Composite cable tray is a new type of cable tray and the second generation product in the cable tray series. It is suitable for laying various projects, units, and cables, and has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible configuration, convenient installation, and novel form.

　　组合式电缆桥架只要采用宽100mm、150mm、200mm的三种基型就可以组成所需尺寸的电缆桥架，不需生产弯通、三通等配件就可以根据现场安装任意转向、变宽、分引上、引下。

　　The combination cable tray can be assembled into cable trays of the required size by using three basic types with widths of 100mm, 150mm, and 200mm. It does not require the production of bends, tees, and other accessories, and can be installed on site with arbitrary turning, widening, and branching up and down.

　　在任意部位、不需要打孔、焊接就可用管引出。它既可方便工程设计，又方便生产运输、

　　Pipe can be used to lead out at any location without drilling or welding. It can facilitate both engineering design and production transportation

　　更方便安装施工，是目前电缆桥架中理想的产品。

　　More convenient for installation and construction, it is currently the ideal product in cable trays.

　　08 电缆桥架技术要求

　　08 Technical requirements for cable tray

　　梯架、托盘、槽盒允许的小板材厚度见下表。

　　The minimum allowable plate thickness for ladder frames, trays, and trough boxes is shown in the table below.

　　(1)GB51348-2019《民用建筑电气设计标准》

　　(1) GB51348-2019 "Electrical Design Standard for Civil Buildings"

　　(2)TCECS31-2017《钢制电缆桥架工程技术规程》

　　(2) TCECS31-2017 Technical Specification for Steel Cable Tray Engineering