在一个机房项目中，比起造价昂贵、高科技的硬件和软件，桥架显的很不起眼，也很少为人关注，但它却也是整个布线工程中不可缺少的部分。如何选择合适的桥架呢？可是电缆桥架作为布线工程的一个配套项目,目前尚无专门的规范指导,各生产厂家的规格程式缺乏通用性。因此,设计选型过程应根据弱电各个系统线缆的类型、数量,合理选定适用的桥架。

　　In a computer room project, compared to expensive and high-tech hardware and software, cable trays may appear inconspicuous and receive little attention, but they are still an indispensable part of the entire cabling project. How to choose a suitable bridge frame? However, as a supporting project of wiring engineering, there is currently no specialized specification guidance for cable trays, and the specifications and programs of various manufacturers lack universality. Therefore, the design selection process should be based on the type and quantity of cables in each weak current system, and the appropriate cable tray should be selected reasonably.

　　01

　　01

　　电缆桥架型式及品种的选择

　　Selection of cable tray types and varieties

　　1、需屏蔽电气干扰的电缆网路或有防护外部（如：有腐蚀液休，易燃粉尘等环境）影响的要求时，应选用（FB）类槽式复合型防腐屏蔽电缆桥架（带盖）。

　　1. When there is a requirement to shield cable networks from electrical interference or to protect against external influences (such as corrosive liquids, flammable dust, etc.), (FB) type slot type composite anti-corrosion shielding cable trays (with covers) should be selected.

　　2、强腐蚀性环境应采用（F）类复合环氧树脂防腐阻燃型电缆桥架。托臂、支架也要选用同样材料，提高桥架及附件的使用寿命，电缆桥架。在容易积灰和其它需遮盖的环境或户外场所宜加盖板。

　　2. For highly corrosive environments, (F) type composite epoxy resin anti-corrosion and flame-retardant cable trays should be used. The same materials should be used for the support arm and bracket to improve the service life of the cable tray and accessories. Cover plates should be added in environments or outdoor places that are prone to dust accumulation and require cover.

　　3、除上述情况外，可根据现场环境及技术要求选用托盘式、槽式、梯级式、玻璃防腐阻燃电缆桥架或钢质普通型桥架。在容易积灰和其它需遮盖的环境或户外场所宜加盖板。

　　3. In addition to the above situations, tray type, trough type, step type, glass anti-corrosion and flame-retardant cable trays or steel ordinary cable trays can be selected according to the on-site environment and technical requirements. Cover plates should be added in environments or outdoor places that are prone to dust accumulation and require cover.

　　4、在公共通道或户外跨越道路段，底层梯级的底部宜加垫板或在该段使用托盘 。大跨距跨越公共通道时，可根据用户要求提高桥架的载荷能力或选用行架。

　　4. When crossing public passages or outdoor road sections, it is advisable to add padding or use pallets at the bottom of the lower steps. When crossing public passages with large spans, the load capacity of the bridge frame can be increased or a scaffolding can be selected according to user requirements.

　　5、大跨距（>3m）要选用复合型桥架（FB）。

　　5. Composite cable trays (FB) should be selected for large spans (>3m).

　　6、户外要选用复合环氧树指桥架（F）。

　　6. Choose composite epoxy tree finger bridge (F) for outdoor use.

　　02

　　02

　　关于线缆桥架的一些计算公式：

　　Some calculation formulas for cable trays:

　　电缆桥架是用薄钢板冲压而成。其承载能力具有一定的限度。电缆桥架的载荷能力的大小是一个与桥架规格和支撑距离有关的量。对应于同一支撑距离和弯凸变形量，侧面高度大的桥架承载能力大，高度小的桥架承载能力小。另外当载荷能力划、相同时，对于同一规格的电缆桥架，支撑距离小的比支撑距离大的弯曲变形量小。一般情况下电缆桥架每隔l.5～2.0m安装一组支撑架。

　　Cable trays are made by stamping thin steel plates. Its carrying capacity has a certain limit. The load capacity of cable trays is a quantity related to the tray specifications and support distance. Corresponding to the same support distance and bending deformation, the bridge with a larger side height has a higher bearing capacity, while the bridge with a smaller height has a lower bearing capacity. In addition, when the load capacity is the same, for cable trays of the same specification, those with smaller support distances have less bending deformation than those with larger support distances. Generally, a set of support frames is installed every 1.5-2.0m on cable trays.

　　1、线缆桥架的实际荷载量计算G总 = n1*q1+ n2*q2 + n3*q3……nn*qn

　　1. The actual load calculation of cable trays is G=n1 * q1+n2 * q2+n3 * q3... nn * qn

　　公式中：G总为总荷载，架宽度的计算

　　In the formula, G represents the total load and the calculation of the frame width

　　电缆桥架宽度的确定随着电力电缆1+k1)+n2*(d2+k2)+n3*(d3+k3)+……nn*（dn+kn）

　　The determination of cable tray width varies with power cable 1+k1)+n2 * (d2+k2)+n3 * (d3+k3)+... nn * (dn+kn)

　　公式中：d1、d2、d3……dn为桥架内各种电缆的外径，单位为mm；n1、n2、n3……nn为上述同种型号规格电缆的根数；K1、k2、k3……为上述电缆放置时的间距，其值小应大于电缆直径的1／4。

　　In the formula: d1, d2, d3... dn are the outer diameters of various cables inside the bridge, measured in millimeters; n1, n2, n3... nn are the number of cables of the same model and specification mentioned above; K1, k2, k3... are the distances between the cables when they are placed, and their minimum values should be greater than 1/4 of the cable diameter.

　　常用桥架的放线量

　　The laying amount of commonly used cable trays

　　常用桥架的利用率，这里举了一些常见的。在了解桥架的利用率之前，我们可以先了解下超五类线与6类线的芯径。

　　Here are some common utilization rates of commonly used cable trays. Before understanding the utilization rate of cable trays, we can first learn about the core diameters of Category 5e and Category 6 cables.

　　六类线芯径：0.574

　　Six types of wire core diameter: 0.574

　　截面：30.1754

　　Section: 30.1754

　　超五类/五类芯径：0.511

　　Super Category 5/Category 5 Core Diameter: 0.511

　　截面：19.625

　　Section: 19.625

　　这里面以桥架的利用率30%50%进行举例。

　　Here is an example of a bridge utilization rate of 30% to 50%.

　　我们实际使用是不能超过40%。

　　Our actual usage should not exceed 40%.

　　那么如何计算桥架呢？

　　So how to calculate the bridge frame?

　　例如：

　　For example:

　　已知6类网线的截面积是30.1754mm2，580根6类线用什么型号的桥架比较合适呢？

　　What type of cable tray is more suitable for 580 Class 6 cables with a cross-sectional area of 30.1754mm2?

　　我们计算出580根6类线截面积是多少?

　　First, let's calculate the cross-sectional area of 580 Class 6 wires?

　　30.1754mm2*580=17501.73mm2

　　30.1754mm2*580=17501.73mm2

　　由于利用率不能超过40%

　　Due to the utilization rate not exceeding 40%

　　17501.73mm2/40%=43754.3mm2

　　17501.73mm2/40%=43754.3mm2

　　所以桥架的总横截面积要大于43264.1mm2

　　So the total cross-sectional area of the bridge should be greater than 43264.1mm2

　　所以接近的桥架型号是150*300 、200*300、100*600等型号。

　　So the closest bridge models are 150 * 300, 200 * 300, 100 * 600, and so on.

　　03

　　03

　　电缆桥架安装连接明细

　　Cable tray installation and connection details

　　1、桥架材料主材料主要有电缆桥架、桥架弯头、桥架三通、桥架四通、桥架异径接头。辅材有连接片、槽夹、螺丝、接地线、托臂、立柱、支架、螺栓、槽吊码、吊杆等等；

　　1. The main materials for cable trays include cable trays, tray elbows, tray tees, tray tees, and tray reducers. Auxiliary materials include connecting pieces, slot clamps, screws, grounding wires, support arms, columns, brackets, bolts, slot hanging codes, suspension rods, etc;

　　2、桥架安装

　　2. Bridge installation

　　①先把螺栓预埋安装固定好，再用支架、立柱、托臂、吊杆进行安装；

　　① First, embed and fix the bolts, then proceed with installation using brackets, columns, support arms, and suspension rods;

　　②确定好桥架宽度，放电缆的条数，电缆直接及间距来确定电缆桥架的型号、规格、厚度等；

　　② Determine the width of the cable tray, the number of cables to be placed, and the direct and spacing of the cables to determine the model, specifications, thickness, etc. of the cable tray;

　　③电缆桥架安装在高出地面2米以上，与头顶部顶棚或其他障碍体不应小于0.3米，宽度不能小于0.1米；

　　③ The cable tray should be installed at a height of more than 2 meters above the ground, and should not be less than 0.3 meters from the ceiling or other obstacles above the head. The width should not be less than 0.1 meters;

　　④电缆桥架水平敷设时，支撑跨度点一般为1.5~2.5米，而垂直敷设时固定点不能大于1.8米，每1.5米固定一个支撑点，弯通、三通的地方则需要增加独立支撑点；

　　④ When laying cable trays horizontally, the support span point is generally 1.5-2.5 meters, while when laying vertically, the fixed point cannot exceed 1.8 meters. It is best to fix a support point every 1.5 meters, and independent support points need to be added at bends and tees;

　　电缆桥架在我国的应用只有十多年,在欧美发达也不过是几十年。在一个机房项目中，比起造价昂贵、高科技的硬件和软件，桥架显的很不起眼，也很少为人关注，但它却也是整个布线工程中不可缺少的部分。可是电缆桥架作为布线工程的一个配套项目,目前尚无专门的规范指导,各生产厂家的规格程式缺乏通用性。因此,设计选型过程应根据弱电各个系统线缆的类型、数量,合理选定适用的桥架。

　　The application of cable trays in China has only been more than ten years, and in developed countries in Europe and America, it is only a few decades. In a computer room project, compared to expensive and high-tech hardware and software, cable trays may appear inconspicuous and receive little attention, but they are still an indispensable part of the entire cabling project. However, as a supporting project of wiring engineering, there is currently no specialized specification guidance for cable trays, and the specifications and programs of various manufacturers lack universality. Therefore, the design selection process should be based on the type and quantity of cables in each weak current system, and the appropriate cable tray should be selected reasonably.

　　04

　　04

　　电缆桥架型式及品种的选择

　　Selection of cable tray types and varieties

　　1、需屏蔽电气干扰的电缆网路或有防护外部（如：有腐蚀液休，易燃粉尘等环境）影响的要求时，应选用（FB）类槽式复合型防腐屏蔽电缆桥架（带盖）。

　　1. When there is a requirement to shield cable networks from electrical interference or to protect against external influences (such as corrosive liquids, flammable dust, etc.), (FB) type slot type composite anti-corrosion shielding cable trays (with covers) should be selected.

　　2、强腐蚀性环境应采用（F）类复合环氧树脂防腐阻燃型电缆桥架。托臂、支架也要选用同样材料，提高桥架及附件的使用寿命，电缆桥架。在容易积灰和其它需遮盖的环境或户外场所宜加盖板。

　　2. For highly corrosive environments, (F) type composite epoxy resin anti-corrosion and flame-retardant cable trays should be used. The same materials should be used for the support arm and bracket to improve the service life of the cable tray and accessories. Cover plates should be added in environments or outdoor places that are prone to dust accumulation and require cover.

　　3、除上述情况外，可根据现场环境及技术要求选用托盘式、槽式、梯级式、玻璃防腐阻燃电缆桥架或钢质普通型桥架。在容易积灰和其它需遮盖的环境或户外场所宜加盖板。

　　3. In addition to the above situations, tray type, trough type, step type, glass anti-corrosion and flame-retardant cable trays or steel ordinary cable trays can be selected according to the on-site environment and technical requirements. Cover plates should be added in environments or outdoor places that are prone to dust accumulation and require cover.

　　4、在公共通道或户外跨越道路段，底层梯级的底部宜加垫板或在该段使用托盘 。大跨距跨越公共通道时，可根据用户要求提高桥架的载荷能力或选用行架。

　　4. When crossing public passages or outdoor road sections, it is advisable to add padding or use pallets at the bottom of the lower steps. When crossing public passages with large spans, the load capacity of the bridge frame can be increased or a scaffolding can be selected according to user requirements.

　　5、大跨距（>3m）要选用复合型桥架（FB）。

　　5. Composite cable trays (FB) should be selected for large spans (>3m).

　　6、户外要选用复合环氧树指桥架（F）。

　　6. Choose composite epoxy tree finger bridge (F) for outdoor use.

　　05

　　05

　　电缆 桥架规格选择

　　Selection of cable tray specifications

　　1、复合环氧树脂电缆桥架的宽度和高度就按下表选择，并应符合电缆真充率不超过有关标准规范的规定值，动力电缆可取40-50%，控制电缆可取50-70%，另外需予留10-25%的式程发展余量。

　　1. The width and height of the composite epoxy resin cable tray should be selected according to the table below, and should comply with the specified values of the cable true filling rate not exceeding the relevant standard specifications. The power cable can be taken as 40-50%, the control cable can be taken as 50-70%, and an additional 10-25% formula development margin should be reserved.

　　2、各种弯通及附件规格应符合工程布置条件并与桥架相配套。

　　2. The specifications of various bends and accessories should comply with the engineering layout conditions and be compatible with the bridge frame.

　　3、支、吊架规格的选择，应按桥架规格、层数、跨距等条件配置。并应满足荷载的要求。

　　3. The selection of support and hanger specifications should be configured according to the specifications, number of layers, span, and other conditions of the bridge frame. And it should meet the requirements of the load.

　　06

　　06

　　对于电缆桥架的支、吊架的配置

　　Configuration of supports and hangers for cable trays

　　1、户内支、吊短跨距一般采取1.5-3m；户外立柱中跨距一般采取6m。

　　1. The short span of indoor supports and hangers is generally 1.5-3m; the mid span of outdoor columns is generally 6m.

　　2、非直线段的支、吊架配置就遵循以下原则：当桥架宽度<300mm时，应在距非直线段与直线结合处300-600m的直线段侧设置一个支、吊架；当桥架宽度>300mm时，除符合下述条件外，在非直线段中部还应增设一个支、吊架。

　　2. The configuration of supports and hangers for non-linear sections follows the following principles: when the width of the bridge is less than 300mm, a support and hanger should be installed on the side of the straight section 300-600m away from the junction of the non-linear section and the straight section; When the width of the bridge is greater than 300mm, in addition to meeting the following conditions, a support or hanger should be added in the middle of the non-linear section.

　　3、拉挤玻璃钢电缆桥架多层设置时层间中心距为200，250，300，350mm。

　　3. When setting up multiple layers of extruded fiberglass cable trays, the center distance between layers is 200250300350mm.

　　4、桥架直线段每隔50m应予留伸缩缝20-30mm（金属桥架）。

　　4. Expansion joints of 20-30mm (metal bridge) should be left every 50m in the straight section of the bridge.

　　08

　　08

　　弱电电缆桥架安装过程

　　Installation process of weak current cable tray

　　1、线槽径路选择原则：如果还有其他的管线，那么就要几家协调一下，画一张管综图按管综图来施工。没有的话，符合设计要求及施工规范，距离近，便于安装维护。

　　1. Principle for selecting the routing of cable trays: If there are other specialized pipelines, several companies need to coordinate and draw a comprehensive pipe diagram for construction according to the diagram. If not, it meets the design requirements and construction specifications, is the closest distance, and is easy to install and maintain.

　　a.根据设计图纸检查线槽径路上所有孔洞是否全部完成，根据现场情况，确定线槽路径，避免与其他的线槽路径相冲突。

　　a. According to the design drawings, check whether all holes on the cable tray path are completed. Based on the site conditions, determine the cable tray path to avoid conflicts with other professional cable tray paths.

　　b.在线槽始端终端找好水平和垂直线，用墨斗在顶棚或墙面弹线。

　　b. Find horizontal and vertical lines from the beginning to the end of the online slot, and use an ink fountain to mark the lines on the ceiling or wall.

　　2、吊架安装

　　2. Installation of hangers

　　a.按照每1.5米间距固定原则，在顶棚或墙面上划出安装孔位置，钻孔，敲入膨胀管冲紧。

　　a. According to the principle of fixing every 1.5 meters, mark the installation hole positions on the ceiling or wall, drill holes, and knock in expansion pipes to tighten them.

　　b.将吊架对准孔位，加上平垫、弹垫再带上螺杆，一人扶住吊架并同时靠上水平尺把吊架扶水平或垂直，另一人把螺杆固定牢固。

　　b. Align the hanger with the hole position, add a flat pad, a spring pad, and a screw. One person holds the hanger and uses a level ruler to hold it horizontally or vertically, while the other person firmly fixes the screw.

　　c.在直线段的另外一端用同样的方法安装一组吊架。在前后两组吊架的安装线槽的平面用尼龙线拉通，尼龙线必须拉紧。再用尼龙线作为基准线调节中间安装的吊架。吊架与线槽的首端、分支、转角、接头及进出线盒处支、吊架固定的位置间距不大于0.5 米。

　　c. Install a set of hangers at the other end of the straight section using the same method. Use nylon wire to pull through the installation cable trays of the front and rear two sets of hangers, and the nylon wire must be tightened. Use nylon thread as a reference line to adjust the suspension bracket installed in the middle. The distance between the fixed positions of hangers and cable trays at the beginning, branches, corners, joints, and the support and hanger at the inlet and outlet boxes shall not exceed 0.5 meters.

　　3、钢槽安装

　　3. Installation of steel trough

　　a.线槽的连接应连续无间断，每节线槽的固定点不应少于两个。在转角、分支处和端部均应有固定点，并应紧贴墙面固定。

　　a. The connection of the trunking should be continuous without interruption, and each section of the trunking should have at least two fixed points. There should be fixed points at corners, branches, and ends, and they should be tightly attached to the wall for fixation.

　　b.钢槽直线段连接应采用连接板，用半圆头螺丝由内向外穿出加上平垫、弹垫螺帽紧固。连接处间隙应严密平齐。钢槽内杂物，盖上盖板。槽盖应齐全、平整、无翘角。

　　b. The connection of the straight section of the steel groove should be made using a connecting plate, with a half round head screw threaded from the inside out and fastened with a flat washer and spring washer nut. The gap at the connection should be tight and level. Finally, remove any debris from the steel groove and cover it with a cover plate. The groove cover should be complete, flat, and free of warping.

　　c.固定或连接线槽的螺钉或其他紧固件，紧固后其端部应与线槽内表面光滑相接。

　　c. The screws or other fasteners used to fix or connect cable trays should have their ends smoothly connected to the inner surface of the cable tray after tightening.

　　d.钢槽进行转角、分支连接时应采用弯通、二通、三通、四通等进行变通连接，钢槽末端应加装封堵板。线槽的出线口应位置正确、光滑、无毛刺。线槽敷设应平直整齐，水平或垂直允许偏差为其长度的2%，且全长允许偏差为20mm。

　　d. When connecting corners and branches of steel troughs, flexible connections such as bends, two-way connections, three-way connections, and four-way connections should be used, and sealing plates should be installed at the end of the steel trough. The outlet of the trunking should be positioned correctly, smooth, and free of burrs. The installation of cable trays should be straight and neat, with a horizontal or vertical allowable deviation of 2% of their length, and a total allowable deviation of 20mm.

　　f.线槽两端必须做好跨接地线，并留有伸缩余量，地线使用铜编织线;但金属线槽不能作为设备的接地导体线槽必须单端接地。

　　f. Both ends of the trunking must be equipped with a jumper wire and leave room for expansion and contraction. The ground wire should be made of copper braided wire; But metal cable trays cannot be used as grounding conductors for equipment. Cable trays must be grounded at one end.

　　4、钢槽孔洞位置处理

　　4. Position treatment of steel groove holes

　　钢槽在通过墙体或楼板处，不得在墙壁或楼板处连接，也不应将穿过墙壁或楼板的钢槽与墙或楼板上的孔洞用水泥摸死。应在穿缆后用防火泥封堵，并刷上与墙面相同色漆。

　　Steel troughs passing through walls or floors shall not be connected to walls or floors, and steel troughs passing through walls or floors shall not be cemented to holes in walls or floors. After threading the cable, it should be sealed with fireproof mud and painted with the same color as the wall.

　　电缆桥架安装-接地

　　Cable tray installation - grounding

　　桥架安装要求横平竖直，表面平整，固定可靠，盖板严实，支架排布合理，整齐美观，桥架跨接线规范；桥架本体要加防松垫圈与支架可靠连接，连接处刮掉油漆。

　　The installation of cable trays requires horizontal and vertical alignment, smooth surface, reliable fixation, tight cover plates, reasonable and neat arrangement of brackets, and standardized jumper wires for cable trays; The bridge body should be securely connected to the bracket with anti loosening washers, and the paint should be scraped off at the connection.

　　电缆桥架、母线槽安装—跨接线

　　Installation of cable trays and bus ducts - jumper wires

　　09

　　09

　　大跨距电缆桥架安装与维护

　　Installation and maintenance of large-span cable trays

　　1、桥架高度为50、100时每端各6只连接孔，高度为150、200时每端各12只连接孔。

　　1. When the height of the bridge is 50 and 100, there are 6 connection holes at each end, and when the height is 150 and 200, there are 12 connection holes at each end.

　　2、支撑间距：支撑间距应小于等于载荷曲线允许载荷和支撑跨距。

　　2. Support spacing: The support spacing should be less than or equal to the allowable load of the load curve and the support span.

　　3、桥架宽度：选择电缆桥架的宽度时，应留有一定的备用空位，以便为今后增添电缆用。

　　3. Bridge width: When selecting the width of the cable bridge, a certain amount of spare space should be left for future cable additions.

　　4、 隔开敷设：当电力电缆和控制电缆较少时，可以在同一电缆桥架安装，但中间须用隔板将电力电缆和控制电缆隔开敷设。

　　4. Separate laying: When there are few power cables and control cables, they can be installed on the same cable tray, but a partition must be used in the middle to separate the power cables and control cables for laying.

　　5、 电缆固定：汇线桥架水平敷设时，桥架之间的连接应尽量设置在跨距1/4处。水平走向的电缆每隔2米左右固定一下，垂直走向的电缆每隔1.5米左右固定一下。

　　5. Cable fixation: When laying cable trays horizontally, the connections between trays should be set at 1/4 of the span as much as possible. Horizontal cables should be fixed every 2 meters, while vertical cables should be fixed every 1.5 meters.

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