电缆桥架是支撑和保护电缆的结构化装置，由支架、托臂及安装附件组成，能有序归集电缆，广泛应用于建筑、工业设施、交通枢纽等的电气布线系统。其结构形式多样，有槽式、托盘式、梯级式等，可依电缆类型（电力、控制、通信电缆）和使用环境（室内、室外、腐蚀性场所）选择，为电缆提供稳定的敷设通道。

　　Cable tray is a structured device that supports and protects cables, consisting of brackets, support arms, and installation accessories. It can orderly collect cables and is widely used in electrical wiring systems such as buildings, industrial facilities, and transportation hubs. Its structural forms are diverse, including trough type, tray type, cascade type, etc., which can be selected according to cable types (power, control, communication cables) and usage environments (indoor, outdoor, corrosive places), providing a safe and stable laying channel for cables.

　　从定义看，其核心是 “支撑与归集”。不同于传统穿管敷设，电缆桥架采用开放式或半开放式结构，支架通过膨胀螺栓固定在墙体、天花板或地面，托臂连接支架形成连续承载面，电缆可直接铺设其上，通过盖板（槽式）或网格（梯级式）防护。这种设计灵活性强，可水平、垂直或转弯敷设，转弯处用弯通、三通等附件连接，避免电缆因过度弯曲受损。桥架尺寸（宽度 100-800mm）可依电缆数量和直径选择，满足不同布线规模需求。

　　From a definition perspective, its core is "support and aggregation". Unlike traditional conduit laying, cable trays adopt an open or semi open structure, with brackets fixed to walls, ceilings, or floors through expansion bolts, and support arms connected to brackets to form a continuous load-bearing surface. Cables can be directly laid on them and protected by cover plates (trough type) or grids (ladder type). This design has strong flexibility and can be laid horizontally, vertically, or in turns. The bends are connected with accessories such as bends and tees to avoid damage to the cables due to excessive bending. The size of the cable tray (width 100-800mm) can be selected according to the number and diameter of cables to meet the requirements of different wiring scales.

　　电缆桥架的作用是保护电缆。它能隔离电缆与外界环境，避免其受灰尘、水汽侵蚀，在潮湿地下车库、多尘车间等环境中，可延长电缆寿命 3-5 年。在走廊、设备通道等易受机械损伤的场所，能阻挡重物坠落、外力碰撞，减少短路、漏电事故。部分桥架采用防火材料或阻燃材料制成，火灾时可延缓火势蔓延，符合消防规范。

　　The primary function of cable trays is to protect cables. It can isolate cables from the external environment, preventing them from being corroded by dust and water vapor. In damp underground garages, dusty workshops, and other environments, it can extend the lifespan of cables by 3-5 years. In places prone to mechanical damage such as corridors and equipment passages, it can prevent heavy objects from falling and external collisions, reducing short circuits and electrical leakage accidents. Some cable trays are made of fire-resistant or flame-retardant materials, which can delay the spread of fire in case of fire and comply with fire safety regulations.

　　其次是实现电缆有序管理。大型建筑或工业设施中，桥架通过分层敷设（如多层托盘式）将不同类型电缆分开，电力与控制电缆分设不同层，高低压电缆保持不小于 300mm 的间距，避免信号干扰和隐患。桥架上可标注电缆编号和用途，方便检修时快速定位，缩短排查时间，还能减少电缆间摩擦，降低绝缘层磨损风险。

　　Secondly, to achieve orderly management of cables. In large buildings or industrial facilities, cable trays are laid in layers (such as multi-layer trays) to separate different types of cables. Power and control cables are placed in different layers, and high and low voltage cables are kept at a safe distance of not less than 300mm to avoid signal interference and safety hazards. The cable number and purpose can be marked on the cable tray, which facilitates quick positioning during maintenance, shortens inspection time, reduces friction between cables, and lowers the risk of insulation layer wear.

　　此外，它能适应不同环境的敷设需求。室外可选用热浸锌钢制、铝合金等防雨防腐蚀桥架，抵抗紫外线和雨水侵蚀。化工车间、加油站等有防爆要求的场所，需用防爆型桥架，连接部位牢固密封，防止火花引发爆炸。数据中心、实验室等需频繁增减电缆的场所，可拆卸盖板设计便于操作，无需破坏原有布线，降低改造难度和成本。

　　In addition, it can adapt to the installation requirements of different environments. Outdoor cable trays made of hot-dip galvanized steel, aluminum alloy, and other rainproof and corrosion-resistant materials can be used to resist UV rays and rainwater erosion. Chemical workshops, gas stations, and other places with explosion-proof requirements require explosion-proof cable trays with securely sealed connection points to prevent sparks from causing explosions. In places such as data centers and laboratories where cables need to be frequently added or removed, the detachable cover plate design is easy to operate without damaging the original wiring, reducing the difficulty and cost of renovation.

　　总之，电缆桥架是电气布线系统的关键部分，通过结构化支撑与防护，保障电缆运行，实现布线有序管理，其多样的结构和适配能力，使其成为现代建筑与工业设施中不可或缺的电气辅助装置。

　　In short, cable trays are a critical part of electrical wiring systems. Through structured support and protection, they ensure the safe operation of cables and achieve orderly management of wiring. Their diverse structures and adaptability make them indispensable electrical auxiliary devices in modern buildings and industrial facilities.

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