电缆桥架往往安装在建筑外露天场所，是支撑和安放电缆必不可少的一部分，在安装电缆桥架的过程中要遵循哪些质量标准及注意事项？

　　Cable trays are often installed in outdoor areas outside buildings and are an essential part of supporting and placing cables. What quality standards and precautions should be followed during the installation of cable trays?

　　一、质量标准

　　1、 Quality standards

　　1、金属梯架、托盘或槽盒本体之间的连接应牢固可靠，与保护导体的连接应符合下列规定 ：

　　1. The connection between metal ladder frames, trays or trough boxes should be firm and reliable, and the connection with protective conductors should comply with the following regulations:

　　①梯架、托盘和槽盒全长不大于30m时，不应少于2处与保护导体可靠连接；全长大 于30m时，每隔20m?30m应增加一个连接点。起始端和终点端均应可靠接地。

　　① When the total length of the ladder, tray, and trough box is not more than 30m, there should be no less than 2 reliable connections with the protective conductor; When the total length is greater than 30m, a connection point should be added every 20m to 30m. Both the starting and ending ends should be reliably grounded.

　　②非镀锌梯架、托盘和槽盒本体之间连接板的两端应跨接保护联结导体，保护联结导体的截面积应符合设计要求。

　　② The two ends of the connecting plate between the non galvanized ladder frame, tray, and trough box body should be bridged with protective connecting conductors, and the cross-sectional area of the protective connecting conductors should meet the design requirements.

　　③镀锌梯架、托盘和槽盒本体之间不跨接保护联结导体时，连接板每端不应少于2个 有防松螺帽或防松垫圈的连接固定螺栓。

　　③ When the galvanized ladder frame, tray, and trough box body do not cross connect the protective connecting conductor, there should be no less than 2 connection fixing bolts with anti loosening nuts or anti loosening washers at each end of the connecting plate.

　　2、电缆梯架、托盘和槽盒转弯、分支处宜采用专用连接配件，其弯曲半径不应小于梯架、托盘和槽盒内电缆小允许弯曲半径，电缆小允许弯曲半径应符合下表规定：

　　2. Special connection fittings should be used at the turning and branching points of cable ladders, trays, and troughs. The bending radius should not be less than the minimum allowable bending radius of cables inside the ladder, tray, and trough. The minimum allowable bending radius of cables should comply with the following table:

　　3、电缆桥架安装应符合下列规定：

　　3. The installation of cable trays shall comply with the following regulations:

　　①直线段钢制电缆桥架长度超过30m,铝合金或玻璃钢制电缆桥架长度超过15m,应设置伸缩节；

　　① If the length of a straight steel cable tray exceeds 30m, or if the length of an aluminum alloy or fiberglass cable tray exceeds 15m, expansion joints should be installed;

　　②电缆桥架跨越建筑物变形缝处应设置补偿装置；

　　② Compensation devices should be installed at the deformation joints where cable trays cross buildings;

　　③当设计无要求时，电缆桥架水平安装的支架间距为1.5?3m；垂直安装的支架间距不大于2m；

　　③ When there are no design requirements, the spacing between the brackets for horizontal installation of cable trays is 1.5? 3m; the spacing between vertically installed brackets shall not exceed 2m;

　　④桥架与支架间螺栓、桥架连接板螺栓固定紧固无遗漏，螺母位于桥架外侧；

　　④ The bolts between the bridge and the bracket, as well as the bolts of the bridge connecting plate, are securely fastened without any omissions, and the nuts are located on the outside of the bridge;

　　⑤当铝合金桥架与钢支架固定时，相互间应有绝缘隔离措施(两者之间加绝缘垫)。

　　⑤ When aluminum alloy cable trays are fixed with steel supports, insulation isolation measures should be taken between them (insulation pads should be added between the two).

　　4、 电缆桥架敷设在易燃易爆气体管道和热力管道的下方，当设计无要求时，与管道的小净距，符合下表的要求：

　　4. The cable tray is laid under flammable and explosive gas pipelines and thermal pipelines. When there are no design requirements, the minimum clear distance from the pipeline shall meet the requirements in the following table:

　　5、 敷设在竖井内和穿越不同防火区的桥架，按设计要求位置，应有防火隔堵措施。

　　5. Cable trays laid in vertical shafts and crossing different fire zones should have fire isolation measures in accordance with the design requirements.

　　6、 支架与预埋件焊接固定时，焊缝饱满；膨胀螺栓固定时，选用螺栓适配，连接紧固, 防松零件齐全。

　　6. When welding and fixing the bracket and embedded parts, the weld seam should be full; When fixing expansion bolts, use bolts that are compatible, securely connected, and have complete anti loosening parts.

　　5、桥架内电缆敷设应符合下列规定：

　　5. The cable laying inside the bridge should comply with the following regulations:

　　①大于45°倾斜敷设的电缆每隔2m处设固定点。

　　① Fixed points shall be set every 2 meters for cables laid at an angle greater than 45 degrees.

　　②电缆出入电缆沟、竖井、建筑物、柜(盘)、台处以及管子管口处等做密封处理。

　　② Cable entry and exit cable trenches, vertical shafts, buildings, cabinets (panels), platforms, and pipe openings shall be sealed.

　　③电缆每隔3m应悬挂标示牌，转弯处必须设标志牌。

　　③ Cable signs should be hung every 3 meters, and signs must be set up at turns.

　　④电缆敷设排列整齐，水平敷设的电缆，首尾两端、转弯两侧及每隔5?10m处设固定 点。敷设于垂直桥架内的电缆固定点间距，全塑型电力电缆，固定点间距不大于1.0m,除 全塑型外的电力电缆，固定点间距不大于1.5m；控制电缆，固定点间距不大于1.0m。 6.2.3电缆的首端、末端和分支处应设标志牌。

　　④ The cable laying is arranged neatly, with horizontally laid cables at both ends, turning sides, and every 5? Set a fixed point at 10m. The spacing between fixed points of cables laid in vertical cable trays, for all plastic power cables, should not exceed 1.0m. For power cables other than all plastic cables, the spacing between fixed points should not exceed 1.5m. For control cables, the spacing between fixed points should not exceed 1.0m. 6.2.3 Signs should be installed at the beginning, end, and branch of the cable.

　　二、注意事项

　　2、 Precautions

　　1、质量问题

　　1. Quality issues

　　①固定桥架的支架或吊架的焊接处应及时进行防腐处理，以防锈蚀。

　　① The welding joints of the brackets or hangers for fixed cable trays should be promptly treated with anti-corrosion measures to prevent corrosion.

　　②固定金属膨胀螺栓时，在钻头上做出深度标记，严格控制钻孔直径和深度，以防膨胀 螺栓钻孔过深过大，桥架固定不牢。

　　② When fixing metal expansion bolts, make depth marks on the drill bit, strictly control the drilling diameter and depth, to prevent the expansion bolt from drilling too deep or too large, and the bridge frame from not being firmly fixed.

　　2、问题

　　2. Security issues

　　①现场机具布置必须符合规范，机具摆放间距必须考虑操作空间，机具摆放整齐, 留出行走及材料运输通道。

　　① The layout of on-site equipment must comply with safety regulations, and the spacing between equipment placement must consider the operating space. The equipment should be neatly arranged, leaving pathways for walking and material transportation.

　　②登高安装桥架时，应使用梯子或脚手架进行，并有相应防坠落措施。

　　② When installing cable trays at heights, ladders or scaffolding should be used, and corresponding fall prevention measures should be taken.

　　③使用用电设备时，应防止漏电；使用电焊机焊接时，应戴好防护面具或护目镜，以防烧伤。

　　③ When using electrical equipment, leakage should be prevented; When using an electric welding machine for welding, protective masks or goggles should be worn to prevent burns.

　　3、成品保护

　　3. Finished product protection

　　①电缆桥架安装时，应保持墙面和顶板的清洁。

　　① When installing cable trays, the walls and ceiling should be kept clean.

　　②电缆桥架及支架安装完毕后，应加以保护，以防其表面被污染或划伤。

　　② After the installation of cable trays and brackets, they should be protected to prevent their surfaces from being contaminated or scratched.

　　③安装金属桥架线槽时，应注意保持墙面的清洁。

　　③ When installing metal cable trays and trunking, attention should be paid to keeping the wall clean.

　　④电缆敷设完成后，桥架盖板应齐全平实，不得遗漏，并防止损坏和污染桥架。

　　④ After the cable laying is completed, the bridge cover should be complete and flat, without omission, and prevent damage and pollution to the bridge.

　　⑤室内沿桥架或托盘敷设电缆，宜在管道及空调工程基本施工完毕后进行，防止其他 施工时损伤电缆。

　　⑤ Indoor cable laying along cable trays or pallets should be carried out after the basic construction of pipelines and air conditioning engineering is completed to prevent cable damage during other professional construction.

　　⑥电缆两端处的门窗装好并加锁，防止电缆丢失或损坏。

　　⑥ Install and lock the doors and windows at both ends of the cable to prevent cable loss or damage.

　　三、质量记录

　　3、 Quality records

　　1、 材料出厂合格证

　　1. Material factory certificate of conformity

　　2、 材料、构配件进场检验记录

　　2. Material and component entry inspection records

　　3、 设计变更、工程洽商记录

　　3. Design changes and engineering negotiation records

　　4、 预检记录

　　4. Pre inspection record

　　5、 电缆桥架安装和桥架内电缆敷设检验批质量验收记录

　　5. Quality Acceptance Record of Inspection Batch for Cable Tray Installation and Cable Laying inside the Tray

　　桥架通过不同材质的特性，可以在多种复杂的环境下，保障电缆材料正常使用，防止出现坍塌的现象，但是前提是要保证桥架的安装质量。

　　Through the characteristics of different materials, cable trays can ensure the normal use of cable materials in various complex environments and prevent collapse, but the prerequisite is to ensure the installation quality of the cable tray.

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