在电气布线工程中，电缆桥架作为电缆敷设的重要载体，其宽度的合理选择直接关系到电缆的安装、维护以及系统的性和可靠性。

　　In electrical wiring engineering, cable trays are an important carrier for cable laying, and the reasonable selection of their width directly affects the installation, maintenance, safety, and reliability of the cable system.

　　一、计算电缆的总截面积

　　1、 Calculate the total cross-sectional area of the cable

　　（一）确定单根电缆截面积

　　（1） Determine the cross-sectional area of a single cable

　　不同规格的电缆具有不同的截面积，可通过查阅电缆的产品规格书获取相关数据。例如，常见的铜芯电力电缆，3×10mm² 规格表示三根横截面积为 10 平方毫米的铜芯电缆。在计算时，对于多芯电缆，需将每芯的截面积相加，得到单根电缆的总截面积。如上述 3×10mm² 电缆，单根电缆的总截面积就是 30mm² 。

　　Different specifications of cables have different cross-sectional areas, and relevant data can be obtained by consulting the product specifications of the cables. For example, a common copper core power cable with a 3 × 10mm ² specification refers to three copper core cables with a cross-sectional area of 10 square millimeters. When calculating, for multi-core cables, the cross-sectional area of each core needs to be added up to obtain the total cross-sectional area of a single cable. The total cross-sectional area of a single cable, such as the 3 × 10mm ² cable mentioned above, is 30mm ². ​ 

　　（二）计算电缆总截面积

　　（2） Calculate the total cross-sectional area of the cable

　　统计需要敷设的电缆数量，将每根电缆的截面积相加，得出电缆的总截面积。例如，某工程需要敷设 10 根 3×10mm² 的电缆和 5 根 3×25mm² 的电缆，先分别计算出两种规格电缆单根的截面积，再乘以数量后相加。即：10×30mm² + 5×（3×25mm²） = 300mm² + 375mm² = 675mm²。这就是该工程中电缆的总截面积。

　　Count the number of cables that need to be laid, add up the cross-sectional area of each cable to obtain the total cross-sectional area of the cable. For example, a certain project requires laying 10 cables of 3 × 10mm ² and 5 cables of 3 × 25mm ². First, calculate the cross-sectional area of each cable of the two specifications separately, then multiply the quantity and add them up. Namely: 10 × 30mm ²+5 × (3 × 25mm ²)=300mm ²+375mm ²=675mm ². This is the total cross-sectional area of the cables in this project. 

　　二、考虑电缆敷设的填充率

　　2、 Consider the filling rate for cable laying

　　电缆桥架内电缆的填充率是选择桥架宽度的重要依据。相关规范规定，电力电缆在桥架内的填充率不宜超过 40%，控制电缆的填充率不宜超过 50%。这是为了保证电缆有足够的散热空间，避免因电缆过于密集导致热量积聚，影响电缆的使用寿命和运行。

　　The filling rate of cables in cable trays is an important basis for selecting the width of the tray. According to relevant regulations, the filling rate of power cables in cable trays should not exceed 40%, and the filling rate of control cables should not exceed 50%. This is to ensure that the cable has sufficient heat dissipation space and avoid heat accumulation caused by overly dense cables, which may affect the service life and safe operation of the cable. 

　　根据前面计算出的电缆总截面积，结合允许的填充率，可反推出所需桥架的小有效截面积。假设上述工程中敷设的均为电力电缆，按照 40% 的填充率计算，所需桥架的小有效截面积为 675mm²÷40% = 1687.5mm²。

　　Based on the total cross-sectional area of the cable calculated earlier, combined with the allowable filling rate, the minimum effective cross-sectional area of the required cable tray can be inferred. Assuming that all the cables laid in the above project are power cables, calculated at a filling rate of 40%, the minimum effective cross-sectional area of the required cable tray is 675mm ² ÷ 40%=1687.5mm ².

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